Закони логіки: закон тотожності; закон несуперечності; закон виключеного третього; закон достатньої підстави

Annotation

As follows from the definition of logic as a science, one of the subjects of its study is correct laws of thinking. The base laws of formal logic are laws of identity, contradiction (consistency), excluded middle and sufficient reason. The main feature of the laws of logic are their objectivity - laws exist regardless of knowledge or ignorance of them by people, and regardless of human thoughts. The laws of logic are of great methodological and heuristic value in cognitive activity. They require knowledge of the subjects to express their opinions in certain linguistic forms accurately, clearly, unambiguously, not contradict itself, be consistent, be able to justify thoughts.

 Knowing nature of the laws of logic and their requirements for mentally-verbal human activities is a prerequisite for achieving truth in knowledge and formal correctness reasons.